Sol in The 25th Century
A short future history. The 21st Century ends in multiple conflicts. These conflicts include:
- Wars of religion and wars of culture through unrestricted immigration
- Wars of food and nutrition through over processing of foods used to feed exploding populations with inferior nutrients
- Wars for healthcare needed after environmental toxins weakened immune systems worldwide
- Wars of despotic states exercising ruthless control over their citizens
The automatic defense systems of a 5G/6G network launch a preemptive attack on the North American Free Trade Zone capital, Chicago. The single warhead is brought down over Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Millions die. Chicago’s automated defenses are then stood down to prevent a retaliatory strike and all-out nuclear war. This act of selflessness prevented the mass extermination of billions through nuclear war.
Portions of the North American continent become uninhabitable. The restrained response of North America breaks the chain of autonomous warfare protocols, allowing vital population centers in the rest of the world to continue.
After the destruction of the North American countries, all countries around the world totally dismantle their nuclear stockpiles once and for all. Without the threat of overwhelming force from the nuclear nations, isolated wars of opportunity break out. The 22nd century ends with Earth plunging into an age of barbarism not seen since the kings of Babylon.
Within a few years, the population of eight billion people is reduced to less than two billion—civilization contracts. Disease runs unabated. The population falls below a billion, where it remains for most of the 22nd Century.
Rebuilding occurs as warlords come to power and claim resources. The elite largely retain power as they adapt to a new model of despotism. In general, they are free from the burden of pretending to be kind.
After the nuclear wars and as Earth descends into cabals and rogue states, groups within the general population collude to escape by going into space. The moon’s logistic support bases for Mars expeditions transition to accepting permanent immigrants, ones with skills needed to sustain life in space. Scientific research space stations around Earth are adapted for permanent human habitation, and the first such stations are built.
In orbits around Earth’s moon, inhabited stations are established, then in Earth orbit. Other stations are then built in Venus and Mars orbits. Later, other inhabited stations are installed in orbit about the sun, between Mars and the asteroid belt, where the mineral resources are harvested to feed the growing numbers living in space. By the middle of the 25th Century, eighty-nine permanently inhabited stations have been established.
This story begins then.
Table 8 Major Space Station Locations
Location | Station Name | Number |
Venus Areostationary Orbit | Edgar Rice Burroughs (EB) | 6 |
Earth Geostationary Orbit | Arthur C. Clarke (AC) | 32 |
Earth, Lunar Orbit | Jules Verne (JV) | 6 |
Mars Areostationary Orbit | Robert Heinlein (RB) | 26 |
Solar orbit, near asteroid belt (2.6 AU, Sectors 1 – 18) | Isaac Asimov (IA) | 7 |
Solar orbit, near asteroid belt (2.6 AU, Sectors 19 – 36) | Robert Heinlein (RH) | 7 |
Jupiter Orbit (research and mining support) | Le Guin* (LG) | 5 |
TOTAL |
| 89 |
Table 9 Orbital Information
Body | Aphelion (AU) | Perihelion (AU) | Semi- maj Axis (AU) | Eccentri- city | Orbital Period (days) | Ave Orbital Speed (km/s) | Mean anomally | Ave Rad km | Mass kg | Gravity (G) | Calculated Speed (km/s) |
Sun | – | – | – | – | – | 220 | – | 695,700 | 1.99E+30 | 28 | – |
Mercury | 0.47 | 0.30 | 0.39 | 0.206 | 88 | 47.4 | 174.796 | 2,440 | 5.43E+23 | 0.38 | 47.66 |
Venus | 0.73 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.007 | 225 | 35.0 | 50.115 | 606 | 5.24E+24 | 0.90 | 34.56 |
Earth | 1.01 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.167 | 365 | 29.8 | 269.05 | 6,371 | 5.97E+24 | 1.00 | 29.65 |
Mars | 1.67 | 1.38 | 1.52 | 0.093 | 669 | 24.1 | 19.3564 | 3,396 | 6.42E+23 | 0.38 | 24.70 |
IA-6 | 2.63 | 1.58 | 2.10 | 0.338 | 1111 | 20.5 | 10 | 3.7 | 2.69.E+09 | 1.10 | 20.55 |
RH-3 | 2.63 | 1.58 | 2.10 | 0.338 | 1111 | 20.5 | 10 | 3.7 | 1.49.E+09 | 1.10 | 20.55 |
324 Bamberga | 3.59 | 1.78 | 2.68 | 0.338 | 1605 | 18.2 | 4.564 | 234 | 1.10E+19 | 0.06 | 18.15 |
Jupiter | 5.46 | 4.94 | 5.20 | 0.049 | 4333 | 13.7 | 18.818 | 69,911 | 1.90E+27 | 2.53 | 13.06 |
Travel within the Solar System
For planets within the orbit of the asteroid belt, the time it takes to travel between planets is never more than seven days. How is this possible? Space travel before the twenty-second Century fell victim to Newton’s second law of motion, roughly stated, “for every action there is an equal reaction”. Newton propulsion systems based their operation on expelling matter to achieve motion. To go far or fast, you had to carry a lot of matter. Solid state rocket motors, liquid rocket systems, ion motors, and gas expelling propulsion all worked on this principle. The electric drive changed all of that. Microwaves bouncing around a waveguide could be directed to provide a force external to the sealed chamber, as believed proven in 2016 (a conclusion now being rethought). Electric drives need an EM wave generator and a battery. Cold Fusion (aka LENR, LANR nuclear reactions) provided the ideal power source lasting as these reactors lasted years before recharging.
By the 24th Century, EM drive efficiencies achieve speeds up to one percent the speed of light, making any distance within the orbit of Jupiter and the sun, less than thirty-eight hours. Most of the time for travel was now spent accelerating to max speed and decelerating back down to a stop. Using a one G acceleration to simulate normal Earth gravity, it takes three and a half days to reach one G and a total of seven days to stop again (See Figure 4). Distance between planets on the same side of the solar system takes three to four days. Taking a ship to a different planet in the 25th Century is much like taking a three-day or seven-day ocean cruise by today’s standards.
TABLE 10: Time to Accelerate to 1% Speed of Light
Constant G | hr | days |
0.25 | 33.40 | 1.4 |
0.50 | 16.70 | 0.7 |
0.75 | 11.13 | 0.5 |
1.00 | 8.35 | 0.3 |
1.25 | 6.68 | 0.3 |
1.50 | 5.57 | 0.2 |
1.75 | 4.77 | 0.2 |
2.00 | 4.18 | 0.2 |
Speed of light | 30000 | km/s |
TABLE 11: Velocity Achieved with Constant Acceleration (km/s)
| (G in m/s^2) | |||
Days | 0.5G | 1.0G | 1.5G | 2.0G |
1 | 423 | 847 | 1,270 | 1,693 |
2 | 847 | 1,693 | 2,540 | 3,387 |
3 | 1,270 | 2,540 | 3,810 | 5,080 |
4 | 1,905 | 3,810 | 5,715 | 7,620 |
5 | 2,117 | 4,234 | 6,350 | 8,467 |
6 | 2,540 | 5,080 | 7,620 | 10,161 |
7 | 2,964 | 5,927 | 8,891 | 11,854 |
8 | 3,387 | 6,774 | 10,161 | 13,548 |
9 | 3,810 | 7,620 | 11,431 | 15,241 |
10 | 4,234 | 8,467 | 12,701 | 16,934 |
50 | 21,168 | 42,336 | 63,504 | 84,672 |
100 | 42,336 | 84,672 | 127,008 | 169,344 |
150 | 63,504 | 127,008 | 190,512 | 254,016 |
200 | 84,672 | 169,344 | 254,016 | 338,688 |
250 | 105,840 | 211,680 | 317,520 | 423,360 |
TABLE 12: Distance Travelled with Constant Acceleration
(in million km) | |||
0.5G2 | 1.0G2 | 1.5G2 | 2.0G2 |
18 | 37 | 55 | 73 |
73 | 146 | 219 | 293 |
165 | 329 | 494 | 658 |
370 | 741 | 1,111 | 1,481 |
457 | 914 | 1,372 | 1,829 |
658 | 1,317 | 1,975 | 2,634 |
896 | 1,792 | 2,689 | 3,585 |
1,171 | 2,341 | 3,512 | 4,682 |
1,481 | 2,963 | 4,444 | 5,926 |
1,829 | 3,658 | 5,487 | 7,316 |
45,723 | 91,446 | 137,169 | 182,892 |
182,892 | 365,783 | 548,675 | 731,566 |
411,506 | 823,012 | 1,234,518 | 1,646,024 |
731,566 | 1,463,132 | 2,194,698 | 2,926,264 |
1,143,072 | 2,286,144 | 3,429,216 | 4,572,288 |
TABLE 13: Time to Travel between Major bodies *
Travel End Points at 1G acceleration | Distance (km) | Mid pt (days) | Total (days ) |
Earth to Mars, closest | 78,340,839 | 1.1 | 2.2 |
RB-4 to IA-6, 2468 AD | 86,734,950 | 1.1 | 2.2 |
LM-3 to IA-6, 2468 AD | 123,057,502 | 2.6 | 5.2 |
Earth to Mars, farthest | 377,537,361 | 2.2 | 4.4 |
Mars to Jupiter, closest | 550,608,100 | 2.6 | 5.2 |
Mars to Jupiter, farthest | 1,006,486,300 | 3.9 | 7.8 |
Mars to Neptune, 2468 AD | 4,500,000,000 | 7.9 | 15.8 |
TABLE 14: Time to Under Acceleration in Days
| Time under Acceleration | Velocity Achieved with Constant Acceleration (km per hr) | Distance Travelled with Constant Acceleration (in million km) | ||||||
| Days | 0.5G | 1.0G | 1.5G | 2.0G | 0.5G2 | 1.0G3 | 1.5G4 | 2.0G5 |
| 1 | 423 | 847 | 1,270 | 1,693 | 18 | 37 | 55 | 73 |
| 2 | 847 | 1,693 | 2,540 | 3,387 | 73 | 146 | 219 | 293 |
| 3 | 1,270 | 2,540 | 3,810 | 5,080 | 165 | 329 | 494 | 658 |
| 4 | 1,693 | 3,387 | 5,080 | 6,774 | 293 | 585 | 878 | 1,171 |
| 5 | 2,117 | 4,234 | 6,350 | 8,467 | 457 | 914 | 1,372 | 1,829 |
| 6 | 2,540 | 5,080 | 7,620 | 10,161 | 658 | 1,317 | 1,975 | 2,634 |
| 7 | 2,964 | 5,927 | 8,891 | 11,854 | 896 | 1,792 | 2,689 | 3,585 |
| 8 | 3,387 | 6,774 | 10,161 | 13,548 | 1,171 | 2,341 | 3,512 | 4,682 |
| 9 | 3,810 | 7,620 | 11,431 | 15,241 | 1,481 | 2,963 | 4,444 | 5,926 |
| 10 | 4,234 | 8,467 | 12,701 | 16,934 | 1,829 | 3,658 | 5,487 | 7,316 |
| 50 | 21,168 | 42,336 | 63,504 | 84,672 | 45,723 | 91,446 | 137,169 | 182,892 |
| 100 | 42,336 | 84,672 | 127,008 | 169,344 | 182,892 | 365,783 | 548,675 | 731,566 |
| 150 | 63,504 | 127,008 | 190,512 | 254,016 | 411,506 | 823,012 | 1,234,518 | 1,646,024 |
| 200 | 84,672 | 169,344 | 254,016 | 338,688 | 731,566 | 1,463,132 | 2,194,698 | 2,926,264 |
| 250 | 105,840 | 211,680 | 317,520 | 423,360 | 1,143,072 | 2,286,144 | 3,429,216 | 4,572,288 |